A chronic state of impaired venous drainage from the central nervous system, termed
chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI), is claimed to be a pathologic …

Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) was recently described in multiple
sclerosis patients. CCSVI is characterized by impaired brain venous drainage due to outflow …

Objectives The aim of this report is to assess the safety of endovascular treatment for chronic
cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI). Although balloon angioplasty and stenting …

Purpose To evaluate the safety of endovascular treatment of chronic cerebrovascular
insufficiency (CCSVI) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods In a 1-year period …

In 2006, Zamboni reintroduced the concept that chronic impaired venous outflow of the
central nervous system is associated with multiple sclerosis (MS), coining the term of chronic …

Objective: It is still unclear whether chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) is
associated with multiple sclerosis (MS), because substantial methodological differences …

PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety of outpatient endovascular treatment in patients with
multiple sclerosis (MS) and chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) …

OBJECTIVE: Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) is characterized by
combined stenoses of the principal pathways of extracranial venous drainage, including the …

Background: The “chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency” or “CCSVI” hypothesis,
namely that multiple sclerosis (MS) is caused by abnormalities in the azygous and internal …

Importance Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) is characterized by
restricted venous outflow from the brain and spinal cord. Whether this condition is …