Tumor heterogeneity is a confusing finding in the assessment of neoplasms, potentially
resulting in inaccurate diagnostic, prognostic and predictive tests. This tumor heterogeneity …

Intratumor heterogeneity inherent in the majority of human cancers is a major obstacle for a
highly efficient diagnosis and successful prognosis and treatment of these diseases. Being a …

Tumour heterogeneity refers to the fact that different tumour cells can show distinct
morphological and phenotypic profiles, including cellular morphology, gene expression …

Phenotypic and functional heterogeneity is one of the hallmarks of human cancers. Tumor
genotype variations among tumors within different patients are known as interpatient …

The availability of cytogenetics and cytogenomics technologies improved the detection and
identification of tumor molecular signatures as well as the understanding of cancer initiation …

Abstract Analysis of spatial and temporal genetic heterogeneity in human cancers has
revealed that somatic cancer evolution in most cancers is not a simple linear process …

Developments in genomic techniques have provided insight into the remarkable genetic
complexity of malignant tumours. There is increasing evidence that solid tumours may …

Intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) is a biomarker of tumor progression, metastasis, and immune
evasion. Previous studies evaluated ITH mostly based on DNA alterations. Here, we …

Cancer results from the acquisition of somatic alterations in a microevolutionary process that
typically occurs over many years, much of which is occult. Understanding the evolutionary …

Variability in disease presentation and course is a hallmark of cancer. Variability is seen
among similarly diagnosed cancers in different patients or animal hosts and in the same …