Space exploration programs have long been interested in the effects of spaceflight on
biology. This research is important not only in its relevance to future deep space exploration …

The establishment of a permanent human settlement in space is one of humanity's
ambitions. To achieve this, microorganisms will be used to carry out many functions such as …

The inside of a space-faring vehicle provides a set of conditions unlike anything
experienced by bacteria on Earth. The low-shear, diffusion-limited microenvironment with …

Long-term space habitation for exploratory missions or colonization will involve significant
health risks to astronauts living in enclosed habitats in altered gravity, for years at a time with …

In January 2004, President George W. Bush unveiled plans to send astronauts to the Moon
in 2015 and shortly thereafter to Mars. With the prospect of manned exploration of the …

Background: The extreme environment of the International Space Station (ISS) puts
selective pressure on microorganisms unintentionally introduced during its 20+ years of …

The study of bacterial behavior under space flight conditions is highly important for the early
detection of changes in bacterial communities and bacteria with medical, environmental, or …

Background Crewed National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) missions to
other solar system bodies are currently being planned. One high-profile scientific focus …

Mars and the ice-covered satellites of Jupiter are currently the most favourable sites for the
search of extraterrestrial life. The motivation for the search for life in the Solar System is the …