Human functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG)
studies, as well as animal studies, indicate that the amygdala and frontomedial brain regions …

Human neuroimaging studies indicate that the anterior midcingulate cortex (AMC) and the
ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) play important roles in the expression and extinction …

The maintenance of anxiety disorders is thought to depend, in part, on deficits in extinction
memory, possibly due to reduced contextual control of extinction that leads to fear renewal …

Numerous animal studies have demonstrated that fear acquisition and expression rely on
the coordinated activity of medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and amygdala and that theta …

Signals related to fear memory and extinction are processed within brain pathways involving
the lateral amygdala (LA) for formation of aversive stimulus associations, the CA1 area of the …

Echoplanar functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used in normal human
subjects to investigate the role of the amygdala in conditioned fear acquisition and …

Electrophysiological studies in rodents allow recording neural activity during threats with
high temporal and spatial precision. Although fMRI has helped translate insights about the …

Background: Little is known about the modulation of cortical excitability in the prefrontal
cortex during fear processing in humans. Here, we aimed to transiently modulate and test …

The extinction of conditioned fear depends on an efficient interplay between the amygdala
and the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). In rats, high-frequency electrical mPFC stimulation …

Effective perception of fear signals is crucial for human survival and the importance of the
amygdala in this process is well documented. Animal, lesion and neuroimaging studies …