Myelin-reactive T cells have been identified in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and
healthy subjects with comparable frequencies, but the contribution of these autoreactive T …

The chemokine CXC-ligand 13 (CXCL13) is a major B cell chemoattractant to B cell follicles
in secondary lymphoid organs (SLO) that proposedly recruits B cells to the cerebrospinal …

Neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration may represent two poles of brain pathology.
Brain myeloid cells, particularly microglia, play key roles in these conditions. We employed …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease in which inflammatory lesions lead to
tissue injury in the brain and/or spinal cord. The specific sites of tissue injury are strong …

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a T cell–mediated autoimmune
disease of the central nervous system induced by antigen-specific effector Th17 and Th1 …

Animal models of autoimmune diseases such as experimental autoimmune
encephalomyelitis (EAE) are inflammatory demyelinating diseases which comprise a …

Microglia, the parenchymal brain macrophages of the central nervous system, have
emerged as critical players in brain development and homeostasis. The immune functions of …

One major challenge in multiple sclerosis is to understand the cellular and molecular
mechanisms leading to disease severity progression. The recently demonstrated correlation …

Background Clinical trials evaluating anti-CD20-mediated B-cell depletion in multiple
sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica (NMO) generated encouraging results. Our recent …

In the context of autoimmunity, myeloid cells of the central nervous system (CNS) constitute
an ontogenically heterogeneous population that includes yolk sac-derived microglia and …