The production of-lactamases is the predominant cause of resistance to-lactam antibiotics in
gram-negative bacteria. These enzymes cleave the amide bond in the-lactam ring …

Objectives To develop a rapid and reliable tool to detect by multiplex PCR assays the most
frequently widespread β-lactamase genes encoding the OXA-1-like broad-spectrum β …

In the beginning, β-lactamases were designated by the name of the strain or plasmid that
produced them, a practice that persists in such enzyme names as PC1 or P99. In 1975, the …

The evolution and spread of bacteria resistant to β-lactam antibiotics has progressed at an
alarming rate. Bacteria may acquire resistance to a given drug by mutation of pre-existing …

Abstract β-Lactamases can be named on the basis of molecular characteristics or functional
properties. Molecular classes A, B, C, and D define an enzyme according to amino acid …

β-Lactam antimicrobial agents represent the most common treatment for bacterial infections
and continue to be the leading cause of resistance to β-lactam antibiotics among Gram …

Abstract β-Lactamases are the principal mechanism of bacterial resistance to β-lactam
antibiotics. In recent years the number and variety of new β-lactamases detected has risen at …

A clinical strain of Acinetobacter baumannii (strain Ab41) that was resistant to all beta-lactam
antibiotics tested except ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, ceftizoxime, and imipenem produced three …

Genes encoding extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) have been reported in a variety
of Gram-negative species, mostly in Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and …

Extended‐spectrum β‐lactamases (ESBLs) are usually plasmid‐mediated enzymes that
confer resistance to a broad range of β‐lactams. Initially, resistance to third‐generation …