Health-maintenance organizations have been suggested as a way to stop spiraling medical
costs. Although many of the arguments have been largely rhetorical, theoretical …

It has been suggested that the use of financial incentives by health maintenance
organizations (HMOs) may change physicians' behavior toward individual patients. To test …

Since 1986, Woolhandler and Himmelstein, alone or with others, have written a series of
articles that follow a simple template. 1-5 In them, the authors measure the administrative …

Most evidence indicates that the poor in HMOs utilize services to about the same extent as
do middle-class enrollees. Early experience in California, however, cautions that abuse can …

The US health care system is restructuring at a dizzying pace. In many parts of the country,
managed care has moved into third-generation models emphasizing capitated payment for …

The primary issue in current policy discussions about the American medical care system is
how to achieve control over accelerating expenditures. Many people see health …

Do financial incentives used by health maintenance organizations (HMOs) to restrain the
use of health care resources represent a conflict of interest between physicians' concern …

America's private and public third-party payers, squeezed by health care costs that continue
to soar at rates well above inflation, are persuaded that" managed care" plans will produce …

Utilization review has been regarded as one of the most promising approaches to the
containment of health care costs. We analyzed insurance claims data on 222 groups of …

Background. A key strategy used to contain hospital costs during the 1980s was to reduce
the total number of admissions and average lengths of stay. We assessed the magnitude of …