Although postoperative pain remains incompletely controlled in some settings, increased
understanding of its mechanisms and the development of several therapeutic approaches …

Postanaesthesia care units used to echo with cries of patients in pain after general
anaesthesia. Each as-needed dose of analgesia was given only after permission of the …

Over the past decade there has been an increasing reliance on strong opioids to treat acute
and chronic pain, which has been associated with a rising epidemic of prescription opioid …

Acute postoperative pain is followed by persistent pain in 10–50% of individuals after
common operations, such as groin hernia repair, breast and thoracic surgery, leg …

Until the 1960s, pain was considered an inevitable sensory response to tissue damage.
There was little room for the affective dimension of this ubiquitous experience, and none …

Understanding the plasticity of pain and analgesia exhibited in different pain states may
improve therapies for the two major types of pain, neuropathic and inflammatory pain, in …

Nociplastic pain is the semantic term suggested by the international community of pain
researchers to describe a third category of pain that is mechanistically distinct from …

Opioids are a mainstay of acute pain management but can have many adverse effects,
contributing to problematic long-term use. Opioid tolerance (increased dose needed for …

Objectives: This review presents and discusses basic science findings and scientific
evidence generated within the last 2 decades in the field of acute postoperative pain …

Management of acute postoperative pain is one of the few clinical topics for which the
International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) created guidelines [11]. IASP is one of …