Fear-conditioned analgesia (FCA) is modulated by brain areas involved in the descending
inhibitory pain pathway such as the basolateral (BLA) and central amygdala (CEA). The BLA …

The brain integrates information about the intensity, quality, and location of noxious inputs
with other states such as attention, anxiety, fear, and expectation. A key brain region where …

The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is implicated in processing sensory-discriminative and
affective pain. Nonetheless, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here we …

The amygdala is important for processing emotion, including negative emotion such as
anxiety and depression induced by chronic pain. Although remarkable progress has been …

Cognitive deficits such as impaired decision-making can be a consequence of persistent
pain. Normal functions of the intact amygdala and prefrontal cortex are required for emotion …

Although pain-related excessive fear is known to be a key factor in chronic pain disability,
which involves the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), little is known about the downstream …

Neural circuits that determine the perception and modulation of pain remain poorly
understood. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) provides top-down control of sensory and affective …

Acute pain evokes protective neural and behavioral responses. Chronic pain, however,
disrupts normal nociceptive processing. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is known to exert top …

Previous experience of chronic pain causes enhanced responses to upcoming noxious
events in both humans and animals, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the …

Pain-related hyperactivity in the amygdala leads to deactivation of the medial prefrontal
cortex (mPFC) and decision-making deficits. The mechanisms of pain-related inhibition of …