Tumor vascular permeability and the EPR effect in macromolecular therapeutics: a review

H Maeda, J Wu, T Sawa, Y Matsumura… - Journal of controlled …, 2000 - Elsevier
Most solid tumors possess unique pathophysiological characteristics that are not observed
in normal tissues or organs, such as extensive angiogenesis and hence hypervasculature …

[HTML][HTML] The enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect: the significance of the concept and methods to enhance its application

J Wu - Journal of personalized medicine, 2021 - mdpi.com
Chemotherapy for human solid tumors in clinical practice is far from satisfactory. Despite the
discovery and synthesis of hundreds of thousands of anticancer compounds targeting …

The EPR effect and polymeric drugs: a paradigm shift for cancer chemotherapy in the 21st century

H Maeda, K Greish, J Fang - Polymer therapeutics II, 2006 - Springer
Blood vessels in tumors are different to normal blood vessels because they have abnormal
architectures and impaired functional regulation. We have studied these abnormalities, in …

The EPR effect: unique features of tumor blood vessels for drug delivery, factors involved, and limitations and augmentation of the effect

J Fang, H Nakamura, H Maeda - Advanced drug delivery reviews, 2011 - Elsevier
The enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect is a unique phenomenon of solid
tumors related to their anatomical and pathophysiological differences from normal tissues …

Macromolecular therapeutics in cancer treatment: the EPR effect and beyond

H Maeda - Journal of Controlled Release, 2012 - Elsevier
In this review, I have discussed various issues of the cancer drug targeting primarily related
to the EPR (enhanced permeability and retention) effect, which utilized nanomedicine or …

Toward a full understanding of the EPR effect in primary and metastatic tumors as well as issues related to its heterogeneity

H Maeda - Advanced drug delivery reviews, 2015 - Elsevier
The enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect of solid tumors as seen with
nanomedicines and macromolecular drugs is well known. However, many researchers …

Vascular permeability enhancement in solid tumor: various factors, mechanisms involved and its implications

H Maeda, J Fang, T Inutsuka, Y Kitamoto - International …, 2003 - Elsevier
Most solid tumors are known to exhibit highly enhanced vascular permeability, similar to or
more than the inflammatory tissues. Common denominators affecting both cancer and …

[HTML][HTML] The 35th anniversary of the discovery of EPR effect: a new wave of nanomedicines for tumor-targeted drug delivery—personal remarks and future prospects

H Maeda - Journal of personalized medicine, 2021 - mdpi.com
This Special Issue on the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect commemorates
the 35th anniversary of its discovery, the original 1986 Matsumura and Maeda finding being …

Exploiting the dynamics of the EPR effect and strategies to improve the therapeutic effects of nanomedicines by using EPR effect enhancers

J Fang, W Islam, H Maeda - Advanced drug delivery reviews, 2020 - Elsevier
The enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect is a unique phenomenon of solid
tumors that is related to their particular anatomical and pathophysiological characteristics …

Development of next-generation macromolecular drugs based on the EPR effect: challenges and pitfalls

H Nakamura, F Jun, H Maeda - Expert opinion on drug delivery, 2015 - Taylor & Francis
Introduction: A major problem with conventional antitumor therapeutics is nonselective
delivery of cytotoxic drugs to normal vital organs and tissues but little delivery to tumor …