Depression has been characterized in recent years in terms of deficits in positive affect and
an underactive approach-related motivational system. Consistent with this view, behavioral …

Feedback indicating monetary loss elicits an apparent negative deflection in the event‐
related potential (ERP) that has been referred to as the feedback error‐related negativity …

Highlights•Event-related potentials (ERPs) can be used to understand core deficits in major
depressive disorder (MDD) and risk.•Depression and risk for depression are associated with …

Blunted reward response appears to be a trait-like marker of vulnerability for major
depressive disorder (MDD). As such, it should be present in remitted individuals; however …

Reward dysfunction is thought to be play a critical role in the pathogenesis of depression.
Multiple studies have linked depression to abnormal neural sensitivity to monetary rewards …

Depression rates surge in adolescence, particularly among females. Recent findings
suggest that depressed adolescents are characterized by hypersensitivity to negative …

Anhedonia is associated with reward-processing deficits of the dopamine system, which
may increase the risk of depression. Nevertheless, few previous studies have examined the …

Reward dysfunction has been implicated in a wide range of psychological disorders,
including internalizing and externalizing psychopathology. Basic neuroscience research has …

Dysfunctional processing of reward and punishment may play an important role in
depression. However, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have shown …

Rewards are integral to learning associations that aid in survival. The feedback negativity
(FN), an event‐related potential that differentiates outcomes indicating monetary losses …