The role of astrocytes in neuronal function has received increasing recognition, but
disagreement remains about their function at the circuit level. Here we use in vivo two …

Astrocytes are abundant glial cells that tile the entire central nervous system and mediate
well-established functions for neurons, blood vessels, and other glia. These ubiquitous cells …

One of the most significant problems facing older individuals is difficulty staying asleep at
night and awake during the day. Understanding the mechanisms by which the regulation of …

Sleep homeostasis reflects a centrally mediated drive for sleep, which increases during
waking and resolves during subsequent sleep. Here we demonstrate that mice deficient for …

Highlights•Astrocytes promote sleep through the release of adenosine.•During sleep
astrocytes clean the brain through the activity of a glymphatic pathway.•Neurons receive …

Progress has been made in the elucidation of sleep and wakefulness regulation at the
neurocircuit level,. However, the intracellular signalling pathways that regulate sleep and the …

Sleep affects brain activity globally, but many cortical sleep waves are spatially confined.
Local rhythms serve cortical area-specific sleep needs and functions; however, mechanisms …

Sleep remains one of the most mysterious yet ubiquitous animal behaviors. We review
current perspectives on the neural systems that regulate sleep/wake states in mammals and …

Sleep cycles consist of rapid alterations between arousal states, including transient
perturbation of sleep rhythms, microarousals, and full-blown awake states. Here we …

Human sleep is a global state whose functions remain unclear. During much of sleep,
cortical neurons undergo slow oscillations in membrane potential, which appear in …