Background: Immune modulation may improve outcome in HIV-associated cryptococcal
meningitis. Animal studies suggest alternatively activated macrophages are detrimental but …

Background Cryptococcal meningitis can occur in persons with less-apparent
immunosuppression. We evaluated clinical characteristics and outcomes of persons with …

Understanding the host immune response during cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is of critical
importance for the development of immunomodulatory therapies. We profiled the …

The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) immune responses in HIV-uninfected cryptococcal meningitis
(CM) have not been well studied. In this study, we aimed to explore the phenotype of CSF …

Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) remains as common life-threatening AIDS-defining illness
mainly in resource-limited settings. Previous reports suggested that baseline cytokine …

Background. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated cryptococcal meningitis (CM)
is characterized by high fungal burden and limited leukocyte trafficking to cerebrospinal fluid …

Background. Correlates of immune protection in patients with human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV)–associated cryptococcal meningitis are poorly defined. A clearer understanding …

Objective: The role of innate immunity in the pathogenesis of cryptococcal meningitis is
unclear. We hypothesized that natural killer (NK) cell and monocyte responses show central …

Background. Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is a leading cause of death in individuals
infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Identifying factors associated with …

Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is a life-threatening infection in HIV-infected patients,
especially in resource-limited settings. Cytokine patterns in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) …