The brain maintains internal models of its environment to interpret sensory inputs and to
prepare actions. Although behavioral studies have demonstrated that these internal models …

BACKGROUND The human brain contains about 100 billion neurons, each of which makes
thousands of synaptic connections. Although individual neurons can themselves be …

The mammalian brain's somatosensory cortex is a topographic map of the body's sensory
experience. In mice, cortical barrels reflect whisker input. We asked whether these cortical …

After long-term denervation of an upper limb in macaque monkeys, the representation of the
face in somatosensory cortex expands over many millimeters into the silenced …

Descending projections from sensory areas of the cerebral cortex are among the largest
pathways in the brain, suggesting that they are important for subcortical processing …

The functional role of cortical beta oscillations, if any, remains unresolved. During
oscillations, the periodic fluctuation in excitability of entrained cells modulates transmission …

The interaural phase sensitivity of neurons was studied through the use of binaural beat
stimuli. The response of most cells was phase-locked to the beat frequency, which provides …

The basal forebrain cholinergic system has been implicated in the reorganization of adult
cortical sensory and motor representations under many, but not all, experimental conditions …

Electrical recordings in humans and monkeys show attentional enhancement of evoked
responses and gamma synchrony in ventral stream cortical areas. Does this synchrony …

We developed a model of 545 components (nodes) and 1259 interactions representing
signaling pathways and cellular machines in the hippocampal CA1 neuron. Using graph …