The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an essential organelle involved in many cellular
functions including protein folding and secretion, lipid biosynthesis, and calcium …

A variety of cell intrinsic or extrinsic stresses evoke perturbations in the folding environment
of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), collectively known as ER stress. Adaptation to stress and …

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an essential organelle in eukaryotic cells for the storage
and regulated release of calcium and as the entrance to the secretory pathway. Protein …

In eukaryotic cells, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle that is responsible for
protein folding and assembly, lipid and sterol biosynthesis, and free calcium storage. In the …

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an elaborate organelle that is essential for cellular
function and survival. Conditions that interfere with ER functioning can lead to the …

Perturbation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis results in a stress condition termed
“ER stress” determining the activation of a finely regulated program defined as unfolded …

Tumour cells endure both oncogenic and environmental stresses during cancer
progression. Transformed cells must meet increased demands for protein and lipid …

Numerous genetic and environmental insults impede the ability of cells to properly fold and
posttranslationally modify secretory and transmembrane proteins in the endoplasmic …

To survive, cancer cells must resist numerous internal and environmental insults associated
with neoplasia that jeopardize proteostasis within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Solid and …

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) functions to properly fold and process secreted and
transmembrane proteins. Environmental and genetic factors that disrupt ER function cause …