Perturbing CAX1, an Arabidopsis vacuolar H+/Ca 2+ antiporter, and the related vacuolar
transporter CAX3, has been previously shown to cause severe growth defects; however, the …

Abstract Ca2+‐ATPases are P‐type ATPases that use the energy of ATP hydrolysis to pump
Ca2+ from the cytoplasm into intracellular compartments or into the apoplast. Plant cells …

Cell biologists know the calcium ion best as a vital intracellular second messenger that
governs countless cellular functions. However, the recent identification of cell-surface …

Abstract Several Arabidopsis CAtion eXchangers (CAXs) encode tonoplast-localized
transporters that appear to be major contributors to vacuolar accumulation/sequestration of …

Ca2+ is a crucial second messenger that is involved in mediating responses to various biotic
and abiotic environmental cues and in the regulation of many developmental processes in …

Ca2+ is required for protein processing, sorting, and secretion in eukaryotic cells, although
the particular roles of the transporters involved in the secretory system of plants are obscure …

Abstract Calcium ion (Ca 2+) is a versatile signaling transducer in all eukaryotic organisms.
In plants, intracellular changes in free Ca 2+ levels act as regulators in many growth and …

Calcium ions function as intracellular second messengers in regulating a plethora of cellular
processes from acclimative stress responses to survival and programmed cell death. The …

The physiological role and mechanism of nutrient storage within vacuoles of specific cell
types is poorly understood. Transcript profiles from Arabidopsis thaliana leaf cells differing in …

This review focusses on Ca 2+-mediated plant cell signaling and optical methods for in vivo
[Ca 2+] monitoring and imaging in plants. The cytosolic free calcium concentration has long …