Background Body shape can be both a consequence and cause of a species' evolution and
ecology. There are many examples of phenotypes associated with specific ecological …

Background A major goal in evolutionary biology is to understand the evolution of
phenotypic diversity. Both natural and sexual selection play a large role in generating …

A major goal of evolutionary biology is to explain morphological diversity among species.
Many studies suggest that much morphological variation is explained by adaptation to …

Identifying the historical processes that drive microhabitat transitions across deep time is of
great interest to evolutionary biologists. Morphological variation can often reveal such …

Metazoans display a tremendous diversity of developmental patterns, including complex life
cycles composed of morphologically disparate stages. In this regard, the evolution of life …

How organisms respond to environmental change is a long‐standing question in
evolutionary biology. Species invading novel habitats provide an opportunity to examine …

Morphological patterns are modeled by the interaction of functional, phylogenetic,
ecological, and/or developmental constraints. In addition, the evolution of life cycle …

Evolutionary theory predicts that selection in distinct microhabitats generates correlations
between morphological and ecological traits, and may increase both phenotypic and …

A major goal in macroecology is to determine how body size varies geographically, and
explain why such patterns exist. Recently, a grid‐cell assemblage analysis found significant …

Size thresholds commonly underlie the induction of alternative morphological states.
However, the respective importance of absolute and relative size to such thresholds remains …