Melanoma is the most aggressive and deadliest type of skin cancer. In the last 10 years,
immune checkpoint blockades (ICBs) including PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 inhibitor has been …

Purpose: Immunotherapy has led to a fundamental shift in the treatment of several cancers.
However, its efficacy in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is limited. Understanding …

Background: TIGIT (T-cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain), which is primarily expressed
on activated and'exhausted'T and NK cells, is one of the most promising'next …

Introduction The development of therapeutic antibodies targeting immune checkpoint
molecules (ICMs) that induce long-term remissions in cancer patients has revolutionized …

While therapies targeting the co‐inhibitory or immune checkpoint receptors PD‐1 and CTLA‐
4 have shown remarkable success in many cancers, not all patients benefit from these …

Background Tumors can employ different mechanisms to evade immune surveillance and
function. Overexpression of co-inhibitory ligands that bind to checkpoint molecules on the …

Recently, T-cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT) was reported as a
candidate for novel immune checkpoints. However, the impact of TIGIT on melanoma …

CD4+ Tregs impede T cell responses to tumors. They express multiple inhibitory receptors
that support their suppressive functions, including T cell Ig and ITIM domain (TIGIT). In …

Gynecological cancer represents a significant global health challenge, and conventional
treatment modalities have demonstrated limited efficacy. However, recent investigations into …

Recent advances in understanding the roles of immune checkpoints in allowing tumors to
circumvent the immune system have led to successful therapeutic strategies that have …