Attempting recall of information from memory, as occurs when taking a practice test, is one of
the most potent training techniques known to learning science. However, does testing yield …

The present research investigated whether test-enhanced learning can be used to promote
transfer. More specifically, 4 experiments examined how repeated testing and repeated …

Many studies have shown that retrieving information during a test facilitates later memory for
that information. Most research on this testing effect has focused on retention of information …

The facilitative effect of retrieval practice, or testing, on the probability of later retrieval has
been the focus of much recent empirical research. A lesser known benefit of retrieval …

The use of practice tests to enhance learning, or test-enhanced learning, ranks among the
most effective of all pedagogical techniques. We investigated the relative efficacy of …

The testing effect is a robust empirical finding in the research on learning and instruction,
demonstrating that taking tests during the learning phase facilitates later retrieval from long …

Tests, as learning events, can enhance subsequent recall more than do additional study
opportunities, even without feedback. Such advantages of testing tend to appear, however …

Test-enhanced learning refers to the fact that taking an initial test on studied material
enhances its later retention relative to simply studying the material and then taking a final …

Taking tests enhances learning. But what happens when one cannot answer a test question—
does an unsuccessful retrieval attempt impede future learning or enhance it? The authors …

Engaging in a test over previously studied information can serve as a potent learning event,
a phenomenon referred to as the testing effect. Despite a surge of research in the past …