This talk with review the huge increase in knowledge on cytokine genes and their function in
fish. It will begin with an initial historical perspective on the characterisation of interferon …

Immunosuppressive cytokines are a class of cytokines produced by immune cells and
certain non-immune cells that have a suppressive effect on immune function. Currently …

Fish is considered to be an important model in comparative immunology studies because it
is a representative population of lower vertebrates serving as an essential link to early …

In teleost fish two IFN-γ gene sequences were found for which two phylogenetic clusters can
be distinguished. Our previous analysis of expression of these in carp led us to hypothesize …

Neutrophilic granulocytes and macrophages are crucial for the innate immune response
against infections. They migrate into the focus of inflammation, where they efficiently bind …

Early activation and coordination of innate defenses are critical for effective responses
against infiltrating pathogens. Rapid engagement of immune cells provides a critical first line …

Chemokines are chemoattractant cytokines defined by the presence of four conserved
cysteine residues which in mammals can be divided into four subfamilies depending on the …

Cytokines belonging to the interleukin-6 (IL-6) family function in many biological processes
and display a high degree of redundancy within the family. Although a number of mRNA …

Cellular immune responses consist of innate and adaptive cell-mediated immune
mechanisms, where all leukocyte subpopulations are included. Among these are vital …

Over 100 years after the first description of macrophages by Metchnikoff, there are still
questions as to the mechanisms leading to the heterogeneity of their lineage. Current views …