BACKGROUND Ethyl levulinate (EL) is an important chemical that can be used as a bio‐
based replacement of fuel additives such as methyl tert‐butyl ether (MTBE) and tert‐amyl …

Abstract Bio-ethyl lactate (EL), an alternative green solvent to the traditional petroleum-
based solvent, has a distinct advantage in the chemical industry. However, to solve the …

A hybrid process design based on reactive distillation (RD) combined with pervaporation
membrane systems was proposed for the production of ethyl levulinate (LAEE) via …

Biodiesel has limitations regarding its performance in cold weather. Therefore, the fuel
industry requires the production of biodiesel additives from renewable, non-edible sources …

In this paper we describe an energy-efficient process design using a reactive distillation
(RD) of the esterification reaction for the synthesis of ethyl levulinate (LAEE). Two designs, a …

Ethyl levulinate, one of the main derivatives of levulinic acid (LA), is of significant potential as
platform chemicals for bio‐based materials. The esterification of LA was generally carried …

Ethyl levulinate is a diesel additive that has received special attention recently due to its
potential for production in large quantities from inexpensive feedstocks. Several processes …

The reactive-vapor permeation-distillation (R-VP-D) hybrid configuration is a newly
designed inter-integration concept firstly proposed for the production of ethyl levulinate (EL) …

Butyl-levulinate has been identified as a promising fuel candidate with high oxygen content.
Its combustion in diesel engines yields very low soot and NOx emissions. It can be produced …

Levulinic acid is considered among the top twelve chemicals from biomass in terms of
market potential, due to its considerable number of applications. Levulinic acid is obtained …