The immune and endocrine systems ensure two vital functions in the body. The immune
system protects us from lethal pathogens, whereas the endocrine system ensures proper …

The increasing worldwide prevalence of obesity is a major health problem since excessive
body weight constitutes a risk factor in a number of chronic diseases. It has been reported …

Obesity is characterized by chronic low‐grade inflammation and is strongly associated with
multiple immunological diseases, including cancer and inflammatory diseases. Recent …

There is a clear link between obesity and metabolic disorders; however, little is known about
the effect of obesity on immune function, particularly during an infection. We have previously …

About one-fourth of the global population is either overweight or obese, both of which
increase the risk of insulin resistance, cardiovascular diseases, and infections. In obesity …

Disorders of systemic metabolism can influence immunity. Individuals with obesity are
known to have increased inflammation, increased risk to select autoimmune diseases …

In the past 50 years, the occurrence of human obesity has risen dramatically across the
globe. The WHO reported that at least 1.9 billion (1.9× 109) adults are overweight and 600 …

Obesity is associated with a wide range of complications, including type 2 diabetes mellitus,
cardiovascular disease, hypertension and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Obesity also …

Obesity and its co-morbidities as metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus and
cardiovascular diseases are major health problems worldwide. Several reports indicated …

The world is currently experiencing an obesity epidemic as declared by the World Health
Organization. The traditional view is that behaviour leading to overeating and under-activity …