Objectives The present study was initiated to examine the dietary intake, blood level and
urinary concentration of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) among children in Korea, in …

Background Lead is a non-essential toxic trace element. Lead in blood (BPb) is the most
common biomarker of lead exposure but lead in urine (UPb) has also been used. There is …

Lead in blood is a major concept in biomonitoring of exposure but investigations of its
alternatives are scarce. The aim of the study was to describe different lead biomarkers' …

OBJECTIVE: The heavy metals lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) are ubiquitous environmental
pollutants with high neurotoxic potential. We aimed to compare perinatal Pb and Hg …

Aims The methodology agreed within the framework of the HBM4EU project is used in this
work to derive HBM-GVs for the general population (HBM-GV GenPop) and for workers …

In a trial to assess the exposure of subjects in the pediatric age group to cadmium (Cd)
pollution, serum Cd was estimated by atomic absorption spectrometry in 405 subjects, birth …

Objectives We assessed the extent of exposure to lead, cadmium, and mercury in the New
York City (NYC) adult population. Methods We measured blood metal concentrations in a …

Abstract Objectives To measure current Hg, Cd, and Pb exposure in Japanese children, and
to estimate dietary intakes of foods responsible for high body burden. Methods Blood, hair …

Mercury (Hg) in children has multiple exposure sources and the toxicity of Hg compounds
depends on exposure routes, dose, timing of exposure, and developmental stage (be it …

Information is still scarce for many Asian countries on general population exposure to two
potentially toxic heavy metals of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd). The present review on …