Tumor cells can evade immune surveillance through overexpressing the ligands of
checkpoint receptors on tumor cells or adjacent cells, leading T cells to anergy or …

Many cancers are termed immunoevasive due to expression of immunomodulatory ligands.
Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) and cluster of differentiation 80/86 (CD80/86) interact …

Cancer is a multidimensional chronic disease, with various factors contributing to its
progression. The immune system plays a crucial role in identifying and eliminating tumor …

Tumour cells have the uncanny ability to evade the immune response, and a range of
approaches are being developed to boost anticancer responses of T cells and restore their …

Immunological evasion is one of the defining characteristics of cancers, as the immune
modification of an immune checkpoint (IC) confers immune evasion capabilities to tumor …

Background Limited response to programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1)/programmed death 1
(PD-1) immunotherapy is a major hindrance of checkpoint immunotherapy in non-small cell …

The emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) allows cancer immunotherapy to
move to the frontiers of cancer therapy. ICIs targeting CTLA-4, PD-1, and PD-L1 are applied …

Immune checkpoint blockade therapy has become a major weapon in fighting cancer.
Antibody drugs, such as anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1, demonstrate obvious advantages such …

Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) responses vary, and biomarkers for predicting responders
are urgently needed. Growing evidence points to the association between programmed cell …

Immune evasion contributes to cancer growth and progression. Cancer cells have the ability
to activate different immune checkpoint pathways that harbor immunosuppressive functions …