Neuroplastic changes in the neuronal networks involving the trigeminal ganglion (TG),
trigeminal spinal subnucleus caudalis (Vc), and upper cervical spinal cord (C1/C2) are …

It is well known that unmyelinated C-fibers and small-diameter Aδ-fibers innervate the
orofacial skin, mucous membrane, orofacial muscles, teeth, tongue, and temporomandibular …

Neuropathic orofacial pain (NOP) is a debilitating condition. Although the pathophysiology
remains unclear, accumulating evidence suggests the involvement of multiple mechanisms …

Trigeminal nerve injury causes a distinct time window of glial activation in the trigeminal
spinal subnucleus caudalis (Vc), which are involved in the initiation and maintenance …

Several acute and chronic pain conditions in the face or mouth are very common, and some
are unique to the orofacial region. However, the etiology and pathogenesis of most orofacial …

The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
inflammation alters the excitability of trigeminal root ganglion (TRG) neurons innervating the …

Peripheral tissue inflammation can alter the properties of somatic sensory pathways,
causing behavioral hypersensitivity and resulting in increased responses to pain caused by …

Oro-facial pain following injury and infection is frequently observed in dental clinics. While
neuropathic pain evoked by injury associated with nerve lesion has an involvement of …

Previous studies have established the role of the medullary dorsal horn or the subnucleus
caudalis of the spinal trigeminal complex, a homolog of the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, in …

The aim of this study was to evaluate spatial organization of hyperactive microglial cells in
trigeminal spinal subnucleus caudalis (Vc) and upper cervical spinal cord (C1), and to clarify …