The physicochemical and pharmacokinetic factors involved in transfer of drugs into breast
milk are reviewed. Passage of drugs into milk can best be viewed as a two-compartment …

The fetus is exposed to many xenobiotic agents during pregnancy through placental drug
transfer; the infant is exposed through breastfeeding. The effects of the drugs on the fetus or …

A NUMBER OF REVIEW ARTICLES discussing drug excretion into breast milk have
appeared in the literature during the last thirty years. 1 15a Of these, only a few have been …

The presence of drugs or other potentially toxic materials in milk is an obvious public health
risk, especially to infants and neonates. There is also increasing concern that human breast …

Drugs ingested by a lactating mother would be expected to appear in human milk to some
extent and be ingested by a breast-feeding infant. Drugs pass from maternal plasma into …

Drug transfer into breast milk and drug disposition in the nursing infant are governed by the
principles of pharmacokinetics. An understanding of basic pharmacokinetic principles is a …

Background The pharmacoepidemiology of the long-term benefits and harms of medicines
in pregnancy and breastfeeding has received little attention. The impact of maternal …

This report serves as a summary of a 2‐day public workshop sponsored by the US Food and
Drug Administration (FDA) to discuss the safety of drugs and biological products used during …

The postpartum period is a time of great physical and emotional changes. The incidence of
psychiatric illness is higher in this period than at any other time in a women's life. Therefore …

Human milk provides the infants first and best choice for protection against infectious
disease during the first year of life. Not only is it perfectly suited for the infant's …