Brain activity is associated with changes in optical properties of brain tissue. Optical
measurements during brain activation can assess haemoglobin oxygenation, cytochrome-c …

Optical approaches to investigate cerebral function and metabolism have long been applied
in invasive studies. From the neuron cultured in vitro to the exposed cortex in the human …

Although near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was developed as a tool for clinical monitoring
of tissue oxygenation, it also has potential for neuroimaging. A wide range of different NIRS …

Near-infrared (IR) light easily penetrates biological tissue, and the information offered by in
vivo spectroscopy of cerebral oxygenation is detailed and comes with a high temporal …

Near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), a noninvasive optical technique, can measure changes
in hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations in brain tissue. Jöbsis first described the in vivo …

Changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral metabolic rates (CMRO2) have been
used as indices for changes in neuronal activity. Near–infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) can …

Optical methods have been used to measure physiological variables for decades, as is
apparent from other chapters in this book. However, the use of diffuse optical light for …

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), which was originally designed for clinical monitoring of
tissue oxygenation, has been developing into a useful tool for neuroimaging studies …

Changes in optical properties of biological tissue can be examined by near-infrared
spectroscopy (NIRS). The relative transparency of tissues including the skull to near-infrared …

▪ Abstract Interrogation of tissue with light offers the potential for noninvasive chemical
measurement, and penetration with near-infrared wavelengths (750–1000 nm) is greater …