This review examines the mechanism of estrogen signaling in cardiomyocytes, with an
emphasis on mechanisms that might be important in cardioprotection. It investigates …

A number of epidemiological and animal studies have suggested a cardioprotective role for
estrogen. This review will focus on the cardioprotective role of estrogen in ischemia …

Estrogen has a plethora of effects in the cardiovascular system. Studies of estrogen and the
heart span human clinical trials and basic cell and molecular investigations. Greater …

Estrogen is a potent steroid with pleiotropic effects, which have yet to be fully elucidated.
Estrogen has both nuclear and non-nuclear effects. The rapid response to estrogen, which …

This review is focused on gender differences in cardiac remodeling secondary to sustained
increases in cardiac volume (VO) and generated pressure (PO). Estrogen has been shown …

Sex differences in cardiovascular disease and cardiac physiology have been reported in
humans as well as in animal models. Premenopausal women have reduced cardiovascular …

Sex differences in the onset and manifestation of cardiovascular diseases are well known,
yet the mechanism behind this discrepancy remains obscure. Estrogen and its …

Sex differences in myocardial recovery have been reported after acute ischemia and
reperfusion injury. Estrogen and the estrogen receptor are critical determinants of …

Pre-menopausal women have reduced risk for cardiovascular disease, and cardiovascular
disease rises after menopause. Studies in animal models have also suggested that females …

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in women in the Western world and is
predominant among the elderly. A large body of evidence suggests that hormonal signaling …