Monolayer cell culture does not adequately model the in vivo behavior of tissues, which
involves complex cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture …

3D cell culture methods confer a high degree of clinical and biological relevance to in vitro
models. This is specifically the case with the spheroid culture, where a small aggregate of …

Abstract Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture has tremendous advantages to closely mimic
the in vivo architecture and microenvironment of healthy tissue and organs, as well as of …

Three-dimensional cell spheroid models can be used to predict the effect of drugs and
therapeutics and to model tissue development and regeneration. The utility of these models …

Introduction: Developing in vitro models for studying cell biology and cell physiology is of
great importance to the fields of biotechnology, cancer research, drug discovery, toxicity …

Three-dimensional multicellular spheroids (MCSs) have received extensive attention in the
field of biomedicine due to their ability to simulate the structure and function of tissues in vivo …

Multicellular spheroids represent a well-established 3D model to study healthy and
diseased cells in vitro. The use of conventional 3D cell culture platforms for the generation of …

Many types of mammalian cells can aggregate and differentiate into 3‐D multicellular
spheroids when cultured in suspension or a nonadhesive environment. Compared to …

Three-dimensional (3D) cell spheroids are being increasingly applied in many research
fields due to their enhanced biological functions as compared to conventional two …

Techniques that allow cells to self-assemble into three-dimensional (3D) spheroid
microtissues provide powerful in vitro models that are becoming increasingly popular in …