When the VEGF-A-targeting monoclonal antibody bevacizumab (Avastin®) entered clinical
practice more than 15 years ago, it was one of the first targeted therapies and the first …

Despite setbacks, the clinical development of antiangiogenic agents has accelerated
remarkably over the past 3–4 years. Consequently, there are currently three direct inhibitors …

Purpose To evaluate the safety, maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), pharmacokinetics (PKs),
pharmacodynamics, and preliminary anticancer activity of ramucirumab (IMC-1121B), a fully …

Although the inhibition of angiogenesis is an established modality of cancer treatment,
concerns regarding toxicity and drug resistance still constitute barriers to be overcome. For …

The vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1) is a tyrosine kinase receptor
for VEGF-A, VEGF-B, and placental growth factor (PlGF) ligands that is expressed in …

Angiogenesis is important in the growth and progression of solid tumours. The main pro-
angiogenic factor, namely vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), also known as …

Angiogenesis plays an essential role in tumor growth, invasion and metastasis. After initial
pessimism about the usefulness of the antiangiogenic therapeutic approach for cancer …

The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family of polypeptide growth factors regulates
a family of VEGF receptor (VEGFR) tyrosine kinases with pleiotropic downstream effects …

Cancer remains one of the major causes of death worldwide. The switch to pathological
angiogenesis is a key process in the promotion of cancer and consequently provides …

In randomized phase III trials two anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) approaches
have yielded survival benefit in patients with metastatic cancer. In one approach, the …