Results: Venography in 150 MS patients identified 267 central veins with> 50% stenosis in
the IJV (n= 240/267, 90%) and AV (n= 27/267, 10%), accounting for mean 1.8 lesions per …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous
system (CNS) by an unknown pathogenesis. MR venography and postmortem studies have …

Recent reports have emerged suggesting that multiple sclerosis (MS) may be due to
abnormal venous outflow from the central nervous system, termed chronic cerebrospinal …

Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) was recently proposed as a
contributing factor in the pathology of multiple sclerosis. This concept has gained …

Background Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) has recently been
introduced as a chronic state of impaired cerebral or cervical venous drainage that may be …

Objectives: Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) has recently been
implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). This comprehensive meta-analysis …

In 2006, Zamboni reintroduced the concept that chronic impaired venous outflow of the
central nervous system is associated with multiple sclerosis (MS), coining the term of chronic …

MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS (MS) IS A CHRONIC neurodegenerative disorder of un-known
cause. Inflammation, demy-elination, and neuroaxonal dysfunction contribute to its …

Although it is debated whether chronic cerebro-spinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) plays a
role in multiple sclerosis (MS) development, many patients undergo endovascular treatment …

Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) has recently been implicated as a
potential causal factor in the development of multiple sclerosis (MS). The treatment of jugular …