Aims The present study aimed to disentangle the risk of the three major transportation noise
sources—road, railway, and aircraft traffic—and the air pollutants NO2 and PM2. 5 on …

Objective: Reviews have suggested that road noise exposure is associated with high blood
pressure (hypertension). No reliable exposure–response relationship is as yet available. A …

Aims Chronic noise exposure associates with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk;
however, the role of confounders and the underlying mechanism remain incompletely …

Background Studies on transportation noise and incident stroke are few and inconclusive.
We aimed to investigate associations between road-traffic and railway noise and the risk of …

The role of noise as an environmental pollutant and its adverse effects on health are being
increasingly recognized. Beyond its direct effects on the auditory system (eg, hearing loss …

Traffic noise and air pollution together represent the two most important environmental risk
factors in urbanized societies. The first of this two-part review discusses the epidemiologic …

We aimed to update the evidence-base of long-term noise exposures from road, rail, and
aircraft traffic on both non-accidental and cardiovascular mortality. A systematic review and …

Noise annoyance (NA) might lead to behavioral patterns not captured by noise levels, which
could reduce physical activity (PA) either directly or through impaired sleep and constitute a …

Traffic noise and air pollution are environmental stressors found to increase risk for
cardiovascular events. The burden of disease attributable to environmental stressors and …

It is well understood that noise levels below the hearing damaging criterion cause
annoyance, sleep disturbance, cognitive impairment, physiological stress reactions …