It is now about 40 years since Avram Goldstein proposed the use of the stereoselectivity of
opioid receptors to identify these receptors in neural membranes. In 2012, the crystal …

Opioid drugs such as heroin interact directly with opioid receptors whilst other addictive
drugs, including marijuana, alcohol and nicotine indirectly activate endogenous opioid …

Endogenous opioid peptides and opiates like morphine produce their pharmacological
effects through the membrane bound opioid receptors. These receptors belong to a …

Opiates like morphine and endogenous opioid peptides exert their pharmacological and
physiological effects through binding to their endogenous receptors, opioid receptors. The …

Opioid receptors are important drug targets for pain management, addiction, and mood
disorders. Although substantial research on these important subtypes of G protein-coupled …

The use of opioid analgesics for pain has always been hampered by their many side effects;
in particular, the addictive liability associated with chronic use. Recently, attempts to develop …

The cloning of the opioid receptors and subsequent use of recombinant DNA technology
have led to many new insights into ligand binding. Instead of focusing on the structural …

Opioid receptors are the primary sites of actions of opiates and endogenous opioid peptides,
which have a wide variety of pharmacological and physiological effects. The opioid …

Opioids provide excellent pain relief in most patients. Yet the responses of patients to
individual opioids can vary markedly, even among the μ opioids. Understanding this …

Mu opioid receptor agonists are among the most powerful analgesic medications but also
among the most addictive. The current opioid crisis has energized a quest to develop opioid …