Bidirectional signalling between the gastrointestinal tract and the brain is regulated at
neural, hormonal, and immunological levels. This construct is known as the brain–gut axis …

Preclinical and clinical studies have shown bidirectional interactions within the brain-gut-
microbiome axis. Gut microbes communicate to the central nervous system through at least …

The realization that the microbiota–gut–brain axis plays a critical role in health and disease
has emerged over the past decade. The brain–gut axis is a bidirectional communication …

The enteric nervous system is largely autonomous, and the central nervous system is
compartmentalized behind the blood-brain barrier. Yet the intestinal microbiota shapes gut …

Introduction The microbiota-gut-brain axis is a term that is commonly used and covers a
broad set of functions and interactions between the gut microbiome, endocrine, immune and …

There is increasing evidence that host-microbe interactions play a key role in maintaining
homeostasis. Alterations in gut microbial composition is associated with marked changes in …

The gut-brain axis plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis. Many intrinsic and
extrinsic factors influence signaling along this axis, modulating the function of both the …

The concept of a gut microbiota–brain axis has emerged to describe the complex and
continuous signalling between the gut microbiota and host nervous system. This review …

There is growing appreciation of key roles of the gut microbiota in maintaining homeostasis
and influencing brain and behaviour at critical windows across the lifespan. Mounting …

Research in the last decade has unveiled a crucial role for the trillions of microorganisms
that reside in the gut in influencing host neurodevelopment across the lifespan via the …