Emerging evidence supports the importance of nitroso-redox balance in the cardiovascular
system. Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is a major oxidative enzyme and increased XOR …

Although interactions between superoxide () and nitric oxide underlie many physiologic and
pathophysiologic processes, regulation of this crosstalk at the enzymatic level is poorly …

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and their treatment pose a huge economic and social
burden in Western societies and in the developing world (1). Thus, there is significant …

The recent discovery of a NOS1 gene product (ie a neuronal‐like isoform of nitric oxide
synthase or nNOS) in the mammalian left ventricular (LV) myocardium has provided a new …

The discovery of superoxide dis-mutase by McCord and Fridov-ich (1) ushered in a new
area of biology wherein free radicals had to be factored into the biology of animals and …

Inhibition of xanthine oxidase (XO) in failing hearts improves cardiac efficiency by an
unknown mechanism. We hypothesized that this energetic effect is due to reduced oxidative …

Figure. Effect of xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibition (XOI) on the nitroso-redox balance. The
underlying mechanistic basis for the use of XOIs in the failing heart. As shown, XOIs act on a …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated by several different cellular sources, and
their accumulation within the myocardium is widely considered to cause harmful oxidative …

Adaptation of the heart to intrinsic and external stress involves complex modifications at the
molecular and cellular levels that lead to tissue remodeling, functional and metabolic …

BACKGROUND: Nitric oxide (NO), a highly versatile signaling molecule, exerts a broad
range of regulatory influences in the cardiovascular system that extends from vasodilation to …