The activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade has been well studied and
documented in colorectal cancer (CRC). The long-term use of non-steroidal anti …

Abstract The cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme catalyzes the rate-limiting step of
prostaglandin formation in pathogenic states and a large amount of evidence has …

Background & Aims: Aberrant activation of the β-catenin/Tcf-4 transcriptional complex
represents an initiating event for colorectal carcinogenesis, shifting the balance from …

Both Wnt and cyclooxygenase (COX-2) pathways are activated in most sporadic and familial
colorectal cancers, especially in those with chromosomal instability. We have recently …

• Introduction• APC and the Wnt pathway• K‐ras initiated pathways• The TGF‐β pathway•
P53 and its functional regulation and dysregulation in colorectal cancer• The ubiquitin …

Background Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer. Involvement of
prostaglandin (PG) system in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer has been suggested …

Mutations in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene that result in excessive β-catenin-
induced cell signaling are implicated in the risk of colon cancer. Although the mechanism of …

Multiple intracellular signaling pathways, such as Wnt/β-catenin signaling, epidermal growth
factor receptor/Ras signaling, and p53 signaling are frequently dysregulated in colorectal …

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is an inducible enzyme which triggers the biosynthesis of
prostaglandins. COX-2 is activated in response to inflammatory stimuli and is one of the …

Colorectal adenocarcinoma is the most common cancer in North America and the second
leading cause of cancer death in the USA (American Cancer Society, 1990). The expression …