BACKGROUND Over the past five decades, important legal and policy changes have taken
place in many countries following the enactment of the United States' National …

The challenges relating to cumulative effects are both complex and immediate for
environmental managers in Canada. With the increasing range and intensity of human …

The importance of follow-up in the EIA process is clearly recognized in the Canadian
Environmental Assessment Act (Act) in which, where it is considered appropriate, the …

This Handbook addresses cumulative impact assessment and management, also known as
cumulative effects assessment (CEA), as conceptualized and practiced in the field of …

Sustainable development of the aquatic environment depends upon routine and defensible
cumulative effects assessment (CEA). CEA is the process of predicting the consequences of …

Cumulative effects assessment (CEA) offers opportunities as a means of moving towards
sustainable development. A set of four UK cases of CEA are examined to ascertain the …

The environmental impact assessment (EIA) is a nearly universal instrument intended to limit
or to offset the environmental tolls of development projects. Here, I describe some of the key …

Despite the central role of valued ecosystem component (VEC) selection to project impact
assessment (IA) and cumulative effects assessment (CEA), little is known about what …

The constraints to assessing and managing cumulative environmental effects in the context
of project-based environmental assessment are well documented, and the potential benefits …

Evaluations of environmental impact assessment (EIA) experiences are often anecdotal,
raising the issue of generalizing beyond unique local conditions. A cross section of ten EIA …