Background: Congenital heart defects (CHDs) occur in approximately 1% of all live births.
Although most CHDs are of unknown etiology, a family history of CHDs is a known risk …

Background: Smaller studies have reported a higher offspring risk of congenital heart
defects (CHDs) for mothers with CHDs than for fathers with CHDs. In a large population …

Congenital heart defects (CHD) constitute the largest group of congenital malformations. In
most families, only one person has CHD; however, the risk of CHD increases for children …

Background—Knowledge of the familial contribution to congenital heart diseases (CHD) on
an individual and population level is sparse. We estimated an individual's risk of CHD given …

Methods: A case-control study was done on pediatric patients at a tertiary care hospital, Aga
Khan University Hospital, located in Karachi, Pakistan. A total of 500 patients, 250 cases and …

Background Congenital heart defects (CHD) are the most common types of birth defects.
The prevalence of CHD, mostly from retrospective studies, ranges between 2.1 and …

The independent effect of consanguinity on the prevalence of congenital heart defects
(CHDs), all and specific types, was investigated in newborns admitted to nine hospitals …

Although maternal age has been associated with a number of birth defects in several
reports, the literature on the association of maternal age with isolated congenital heart defect …

Aims Congenital heart defects (CHD) affect almost 1% of all live born children and the
number of adults with CHD is increasing. In families where CHD has occurred previously …

Congenital heart defects (CHD) represent a heterogeneous group of disorders caused by
chromosome abnormalities, mendelian disorders, teratogenic expo‐sures, and unknown …