The article mentioned above has been retracted by R. Dantzer, Editor-in-Chief, in response
to a request from the Office of Research Integrity, Department of Health and Human …

Background The crucial role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) in stress-
related homeostasis suggests dysregulated HPA involvement in the pathogenesis of post …

Given the inconsistent associations of cortisol with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD),
analysis of basal functioning of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis in subjects …

BACKGROUND: Studies of cortisol in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have yielded
mixed results. We hypothesize that personality traits and traumatic experiences could be the …

Identification of specific risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) versus
depression after trauma has been challenging, in part due to the high comorbidity of these …

The hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis is activated in response to stressor detection
in order to mobilize resources critical for survival. Chronic or extreme stress precipitates …

BACKGROUND: Neuroendocrine studies have shown profound alterations in HPA-axis
regulation in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Based on baseline assessments and the …

This chapter discussed how neuroendocrine findings in posttraumatic stress disorder
(PTSD) potentially inform hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) alterations in PTSD and …

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been associated with reduced cortisol levels.
Opposing results have been interpreted as resulting from methodological differences …

BACKGROUND: We aim to characterize the baseline functioning of the hypothalamic-
pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in Gulf War veterans (GWV) and examine the extent to which …