Until now, three types of well‐recognized cancer treatments have been developed, ie,
surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy; these either remove or directly attack the cancer …

Research on tumor immunotherapy has made tremendous progress in the past decades,
with numerous studies entering the clinical evaluation. The cancer vaccine is considered a …

Therapeutic vaccines represent a viable option for active immunotherapy of cancers that aim
to treat late stage disease by using a patient's own immune system. The promising results …

The advent of cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized the field of cancer treatment and
offers cancer patients new hope. Although this therapy has proved highly successful for …

These are exciting times for the field of cancer immunotherapy. Although the clinical efficacy
of monoclonal antibodies has been demonstrated since the early 1990s, the therapeutic …

In recent years, there has been a surge of interest in tumor microenvironment-associated
cancer vaccine therapies. These innovative treatments aim to activate and enhance the …

Treating cancer with vaccines has been a challenging field of investigation since the 1950s.
Over the years, the lack of effective active immunotherapies has led to the development of …

After several decades, therapeutic cancer vaccines now show signs of efficacy and potential
to help patients resistant to other standard-of-care immunotherapies, but they have yet to …

Chemotherapy has been a mainstay in cancer treatment for many years. Despite some
success, the cure rate with chemotherapy remains unsatisfactory in some types of cancers …

Cancer vaccines have been shown clinically to drive tumor-reactive cell activation,
proliferation, and effector function. Unfortunately, tumor eradication by treatment with cancer …