Cohen's kappa coefficient is a commonly used method for estimating interrater agreement
for nominal and/or ordinal data; thus agreement is adjusted for that expected by chance. The …

Many estimators of the measure of agreement between two dichotomous ratings of a person
have been proposed. The results of Fleiss (1975) are extended, and it is shown that four …

At least a dozen indexes have been proposed for measuring agreement between two
judges on a categorical scale. Using the binary (positive-negative) case as a model, this …

With two judges and a two-point rating scale, the test statistic for Kappa is the same as
Pearson's chi-square statistic applied to the 2× 2 table of paired observations. This …

Abstract JA Cohen's kappa (1960) for measuring agreement between 2 raters, using a
nominal scale, has been extended for use with multiple raters by RJ Light (1971) and JL …

We derive a general structure that encompasses important coefficients of interrater
agreement such as the S-coefficient, Cohen's kappa, Scott's pi, Fleiss' kappa, Krippendorff's …

Cohen's and Fleiss' kappa are well-known measures for inter-rater reliability. However, they
only allow a rater to select exactly one category for each subject. This is a severe limitation …

An agreement table with n∈ ℕ≥ 3 ordered categories can be collapsed into n− 1 distinct 2×
2 tables by combining adjacent categories. Vanbelle and Albert (Stat. Methodol. 6: 157–163 …

Weighted kappa described by Cohen in 1968 is widely used in psychological research to
measure agreement between two independent raters. Everitt then provided the exact …

Consider an array of ratings or rank orders provided by M judges or respondents on n
subjects or products. We propose a new general measure of concordance (agreement) in …