Using three reference disease models‐insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) as a
prototype of T‐cell mediated organ‐specific autoimmune disease, myasthenia gravis (MG) …

The etiology of autoimmune diseases is due to a combination of genetic predisposition and
environmental factors that alter the expression of immune regulatory genes through various …

Autoantibodies to intracellular antigens form a large family of immunoglobulins directed to a
variety of ubiquitously expressed intracellular molecules, including numerous enzymes …

Autoimmune diseases are characterized by self‐reactive immune processes mediated by B
and T cells. These disorders exhibit a spectrum of clinical features that range from local or …

Two conflicting views of autoimmunity picture autoantibody production as the result of either
polydonal activation or the stimulation of a response to a spedfic autoantigen. Here, Roman …

Understanding the mechanisms of human autoimmune rheumatic diseases presents a
major challenge, due to marked complexity involving multiple domains, including genetics …

In this Review we focus on the initiation of autoantibody production and autoantibody
pathogenicity, with a special emphasis on the targeted antigens. Release of intracellular …

In autoimmune diseases, autoantibodies may be the actual pathogenetic agents of the
disease, the secondary consequences of tissue damage, or the harmless footprints of an …

Autoantibodies to intracellular constituents often occur naturally. This would be difficult to
understand were they unable to penetrate live cells, as was once generally accepted; …

The cause of autoimmune diseases remains unknown and, as a consequence, disease
prediction and prophylaxis are not part of current clinical practice. Many autoimmune …