Determining the fitness of viral genotypes has become a standard practice in virology as it is
essential to evaluate their evolutionary potential. Darwinian fitness, defined as the …

Arabidopsis thaliana is susceptible to various different pathogens (fungi, bacteria, viruses).
However, the effect of Tobacco necrosis virus (TNV) infection on Arabidopsis is not well …

Plant viruses, discovered over a century ago when the science of virology was born (for
review, see Creager, 2002), are obligate parasites on their hosts. Through their life cycle …

Virus-induced gene silencing is regarded as a powerful and efficient tool for the analysis of
gene function in plants because it is simple, rapid and transformation-free. It has been used …

Cotton (Gossypium spp.) is one of the most agronomically important crops worldwide for its
unique textile fiber production and serving as food and feed stock. Molecular breeding and …

Plants being sessile organisms encounter numerous attacks by pathogens and pests with
different lifestyles and modes of attack. In response, plants undergo cellular reprogramming …

The Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) 126-kDa protein is a suppressor of RNA silencing
previously shown to delay the silencing of transgenes in Nicotiana tabacum and N …

Virus‐induced gene silencing (VIGS) has been used routinely in Nicotiana benthamiana to
assess functions of candidate genes and as a way to discover new genes required for …

Understanding the mechanisms by which plants trigger host defenses in response to viruses
has been a challenging problem owing to the multiplicity of factors and complexity of …

Although much is known about the proteins and processes within the plant cell required for
efficient virus transmission, up to now, little was known about the requirements and …