Resistant bacteria are emerging as a critical problem in the treatment of bacterial infections
by neutralizing antibiotic activity. The development of new traditional mechanisms of …

The discovery of antibiotics has significantly transformed the outcomes of bacterial infections
in the last decades. However, the development of antibiotic resistance mechanisms has …

Globally, urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most frequent bacterial infections.
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) are the predominant etiological agents causing …

Compounds capable of inhibiting the efflux pump mechanism are a promising alternative
against bacterial resistance because, when combined with antibiotics, they can increase the …

Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes chronic infections, such as cystic fibrosis, endocarditis,
bacteremia, and sepsis, which are life-threatening and difficult to treat. The lack of antibiotic …

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is one of the major factors in severe opportunistic and
hospital-acquired infections. Structural mechanisms such as resistance–nodulation–division …

Bacteria express a plethora of efflux pumps that can transport structurally varied molecules,
including antimicrobial agents and antibiotics, out of cells. Thus, efflux pump systems …

Objective Efflux pumps are transmembrane proteins associated with bacterial resistance
mechanisms. Bacteria use these proteins to actively transport antibiotics to the extracellular …

Staphylococcus aureus is the primary cause of nosocomial infections. It produces potent
toxins and causes superficial lesions, systemic diseases, and several toxaemic syndromes …

Efflux pumps of the resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) superfamily, particularly the
AcrAB-TolC, and MexAB-OprM, besides mediating intrinsic and acquired resistance, also …