Conspectus Developing cost-effective and high-performance electrocatalysts for renewable
energy conversion and storage is motivated by increasing concerns regarding global energy …

To date, much efforts have been devoted to the high-efficiency noble metal-free
electrocatalysts for hydrogen-and oxygen-involving energy conversion reactions, due to …

Nanostructured metal‐contained catalysts are one of the most widely used types of catalysts
applied to facilitate some of sluggish electrochemical reactions. However, the high activity of …

The aim to produce highly active, selective, and long-lived electrocatalysts by design drives
major research efforts toward gaining fundamental understanding of the relationship …

Carbon-based materials are widely studied for their unique advantages in electrocatalysis.
Despite significant progress, the precise interface construction and mechanism exploration …

Electrocatalysts play critical roles in the renewable electrochemical energy storage and
conversion systems. The conventional noble metal‐based electrocatalysts cannot satisfy the …

The increasing demand to realize sustainable and clean energy conversion systems has
prompted great efforts to develop electrocatalysts with maximum efficiency and minimum …

The development of clean and sustainable energy depends largely on electrocatalysis-
driven technologies. Because of this, tremendous efforts have been devoted to the search …

Advances in research and development of carbon-based metal-free electrocatalysts (C-
MFECs) have provided potential alternatives to precious metal catalysts for various reactions …

Electrocatalysts with single metal atoms as active sites have received increasing attention
owing to their high atomic utilization efficiency and exotic catalytic activity and selectivity …