The dependency of certain breast cancers on estrogen is undeniably one of the most
important observations in oncology. Since this early observation, there has been a …

Classification of breast cancer as endocrine sensitive, hormone dependent, or estrogen
receptor (ER) positive refers singularly to ERα. One of the oldest recognized tumor targets …

Breast cancer, the most common malignancy in women, was already known to be
associated with the steroid hormone estrogen more than a century ago. The discovery of the …

Estrogen and progesterone receptors (ERs and PRs) are known for their prognostic as well
as treatment predictive value in breast cancer. Although these receptors are differentially …

Estrogen receptor (ER) is a ligand-regulated transcription factor that controls human breast
cancer cell proliferation. About 60–70% of human breast cancers express ER. In spite of …

The nuclear estrogen receptors (ER) are the major targets for endocrine treatment of
hormone-dependent breast cancers. Hormone therapy blocked endogenous estrogen …

One of the most prevalent of all cancers, breast cancer, is characterized by hormonal control
of its growth. In cell culture, the control of proliferation and differentiation of human breast …

Breast cancer is the leading malignancy worldwide. Estrogen and estrogen receptors (ER)
play a major role in breast cancer progression and development. In this review, our …

The importance of estrogens in the growth of many breast cancers is well established
although the crucial targets that mediate the mitogenic effects of the hormone are unclear …

The estrogen receptor α (ERα) has proven to be the single most important target in breast
cancer over the last 30 years. The use of the selective ER modulator (SERM) tamoxifen for …