The utility of engineering enzyme activity is expanding with the development of
biotechnology. Conventional methods have limited applicability as they require high …

The efficient application of biocatalysts requires the availability of suitable enzymes with
high activity and stability under process conditions, desired substrate selectivity and high …

The FRISM strategy has emerged as one of the most efficient methods for protein
engineering. It involves the identification of hotspots, which is usually rationalized through …

The limitations associated with natural enzyme catalysis have triggered the rise of the field of
protein engineering. Traditional rational design was based on the analysis of protein …

Enzyme engineering is undergoing the most profound and exciting transformation in its
history 1. It promises unprecedented expansion in the scope and applications of modified or …

Directed evolution has emerged as the most productive enzyme engineering method, with
stereoselectivity playing a crucial role when evolving mutants for application in synthetic …

Highlights•De novo designed catalysts still are barely matching catalytic efficiency of small
molecules.•Best design strategies focus on the active site functional tuning and protein …

Highlights•The most recent developments of de novo enzyme design (methodologies and
applications) are reported.•The different chemical reactions for which de novo enzymes …

The fundamentals of thermostability engineering need to be carried out for proteins with low
thermal stability to expand their utilization. Thus, comprehension of the thermal stability …

Proteins are one of the most multifaceted macromolecules in living systems. Proteins have
evolved to function under physiological conditions and, therefore, are not usually tolerant of …