The condition of muscle fiber atrophy and weakness that occurs in respiratory muscles along
with systemic skeletal muscle with age is known as respiratory sarcopenia. The Japanese …

We defined respiratory sarcopenia as a coexistence of respiratory muscle weakness and
decreased respiratory muscle mass. Although respiratory muscle function is indispensable …

Background Quadriceps muscle fiber atrophy and a loss of oxidative type I muscle fibers and
mitochondrial content often occur in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a burdensome condition affecting a
growing number of people worldwide, frequently related to major comorbidities and …

COPD is a chronic disease of the lungs, but heterogeneous with respect to clinical
manifestations and disease progression. This has consequences for health risk assessment …

Recent translational approaches have clearly advanced our understanding of the
pathophysiology of cachexia in COPD. Although this complex clinical syndrome may clearly …

Skeletal-muscle (both respiratory and limb) abnormalities are common and can have
profound effects in patients with chronic inflammatory states such as chronic obstructive …

Many patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) suffer from exercise
intolerance. In about 40% of the patients exercise capacity is limited by alterations in skeletal …

Background Sarcopenia, or loss of skeletal muscle mass and decreased contractile strength,
contributes to morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease …

About 25% of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) will develop
cachexia (fat-free body mass index< 17 kg· m− 2 (males) or< 14 kg· m− 2 (females)). This is …