Computational models of the human neck have been developed to assess human response
in impact scenarios; however, the assessment and validation of such models is often limited …

Advanced computational human body models (HBM) enabling enhanced safety require
verification and validation at different levels or scales. Specifically, the motion segments …

Background: Musculoskeletal models served to analyze head–neck motion and injury
during automotive impact. Although muscle activation is known to affect the kinematic …

Numerical finite element (FE) models of the neck have been developed to simulate occupant
response and predict injury during motor vehicle collisions. However, there is a paucity of …

Several mathematical cervical models of the 50th percentile male have been developed and
used for impact biomechanics research. However, for the 50th percentile female no similar …

This study involved the generation, validation and evaluation of the finite element muscle
model of the human neck, with a long term goal of predicting the cervical spine motion. The …

Study Design. A finite element (FE) model of the human neck with incorporated continuum or
discrete muscles was used to simulate experimental impacts in rear, frontal, and lateral …

Human body finite element (FE) models are beginning to play a more prevalent role in the
advancement of automotive safety. A methodology has been developed to evaluate neck …

A finite element model development of a 50th percentile male cervical spine is presented in
this paper. The model consists of rigid, geometrically accurate vertebrae held together with …

A multi-body computational model of the human head and neck was previously shown to be
in good agreement with experimental findings from actual human cervical spine specimens …