Observations of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays (UHECR) do not uniquely determine both the
injection spectrum and the evolution model for UHECR sources—primarily because …

In this paper we review the extragalactic propagation of ultrahigh energy cosmic-ray
(UHECR). We present the different energy loss processes of protons and nuclei, and their …

We estimate the local number density of sources of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs)
based on the statistical features of their arrival direction distribution. We calculate the arrival …

The origin of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays (UHECR) is still unknown. However, great
progress has been achieved in past years due to the good quality and large statistics in …

The authors define “ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays”(UHECRs) as those cosmic rays with
energies above 10 18 eV. It had been anticipated that there would be a cutoff in the energy …

The observation of neutrinos from cosmic accelerators will be revolutionary. High energy
neutrinos are closely connected to ultrahigh energy cosmic rays and their sources. Cosmic …

We develop a model for explaining the data of Pierre Auger Observatory (Auger) for ultra
high energy cosmic rays (UHECR), in particular, the mass composition being steadily …

We conduct a review of experimental results on ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs)
including measurements of the features of the spectrum, the composition of the primary …

We calculate the number density and luminosity of the sources of ultra-high energy cosmic
rays (UHECRs), using the information about the small scale anisotropies and the observed …

The energy spectrum of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR) is usually calculated for
sources with identical properties. Assuming that all sources can accelerate UHECR protons …